Jakarta, JURNAL TIPIKOR – Badan Pengelola Investasi Daya Anagata Nusantara disingkat Danantara kini telah beroperasi. Proses peralihan aset BUMN ke Danantara sementara berlangsung.
Wakil Menteri Perumahan dan Kawasan Permukiman Indonesia Fahri Hamzah berbagi beberapa hal terkait Danantara.
Dia bercerita, hampir lima tahun berada di komisi VI DPR RI pada waktu itu yang mengawasi Kementrian BUMN.
Sekitar periode 2004-2009 dan pada akhir periode itu, dia menulis buku berjudul Negara, BUMN dan Kesejahteraan Rakyat.
Wakil Ketua Umum Partai Gelora tersebut menulis judul ini untuk menegaskan satu persoalan laten dalam BUMN kita tentang implementasi pasal 33 UUD 1945 yang di suatu sisi menyebutkan bahwa kekayaan alam itu “dikuasai oleh negara” tetapi di sisi lain “dipergunakan sebesar-sebesarnya untuk kesejahteraan rakyat”.
Di satu sisi, jika BUMN dikuasai negara dianggap hanya akan menjadi tempat bagi kepentingan politik. Di sisi lain, kesejahteraan rakyat dianggap keharusan secara pragmatis untuk melihat manfaat langsung BUMN bagi rakyat.
Dia mengkaji banyak regulasi tentang BUMN yang menurut kesimpulan saya waktu itu, tentang ‘profit’ untuk tidak terlalu diatur secara ketat, sebab memang negara mengharapkan ‘kesejahteraan rakyat’ yang jauh lebih besar dari sekedar profit.
“Profit adalah tujuan dari bisnis sedangkan kesejahteraan rakyat adalah tujuan dari negara. Maka di sinilah nampak ambiguitasnya. Kementerian dan penjabat-pejabat BUMN tidak paham di mana ladang permainannya,” ujarnya dikutip akun X pribadinya, Senin, (3/3/2025).
Di satu sisi, BUMN menganggap dirinya PT (perseroan terbatas) dengan keinginan mencari untung yang tinggi tapi faktanya mereka ditarik dalam pusaran politik yang kental. Mulai dari perbedaan kepentingan sektoral eksekutif sampai pengawasan legislatif yang tidak sehat bagi tradisi profesionalisme kerja.
Kecenderungannya, Kementerian dan lembaga selalu ingin BUMN mau menjadi operator mereka sebab “mudah diajak ngomong”. Di sisi lain, lembaga legislatif tidak dibatasi wewenangnya dalam pengawasan teknis dan terkadang “mengawasi” lebih ketat dari pengawasan komisaris yang seharusnya detail dan profesional.
“Dulu saya menyaksikan anggota legislatif dalam sidang-sidang komisi mengajukan pertanyaan dari perusahaan rekannya yang kalah tender dengan dengan begitu detail dan kasuistik. Kalau sudah demikian biasanya tidak bisa dihindari negosiasi di belakang layar,” jelasnya.
Lebih jauh kata dia, sejak mengikuti dinamika dan polemik BUMN sampai sekarang, saya menemukan bahwa sekarang ini ada “Raksasa Tidur” yang bergerak tidak teratur dan jadwal bekerjanya tidak jelas, terhuyung-huyung berjalan tanpa arah dan centang perenang.
Sementara, di luar sana di negara-negara seperti Norwegia, Qatar, uni emirat Arab, Singapore, Malaysia dan lain-lain, mereka mendapatkan banyak sekali uang dan manfaat dari pengelolaan sumber daya alam dari badan usaha milik negara untuk menjadi Sovereign Wealth Fund.
“Saya terbayang-bayang bahwa suatu hari akan ada pemimpin yang berani secara ekstrim melakukan konsolidasi BUMN untuk menjadi entitas ekonomi yang lebih ter koordinasi (atau bahkan mungkin saya sebut terkomando), sehingga kekuatannya betul-betul menjadi menifestasi kekuatan nasional yang menunjukkan kepada seluruh dunia bahwa negara ini tidak saja kaya raya, tetapi juga mampu melahirkan kekuatan pasar yang superbesar dan kuat,” tandasnya. (FAJAR/Red)
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