Pengamat Politik dan Kebijakan Publik, A.Tarmizi
Bandung, JURNAL TIPIKOR – Peleburan Perusahaan Umum Daerah (Perumda) Pasar yang bermasalah ke Dinas Perdagangan dan Industri merupakan langkah yang kompleks dan memerlukan kajian mendalam.
Keputusan ini dapat membawa dampak positif maupun negatif, tergantung pada kondisi spesifik Perumda, kapasitas Dinas, serta tujuan yang ingin dicapai.
Latar Belakang Masalah Perumda Pasar.
Perumda Pasar yang bermasalah umumnya menghadapi berbagai tantangan, antara lain:
- Defisit Keuangan: Pendapatan tidak mencukupi untuk menutupi biaya operasional, pemeliharaan, dan investasi.
- Manajemen yang Tidak Efisien: Kurangnya profesionalisme, transparansi, dan akuntabilitas dalam pengelolaan pasar.
- Infrastruktur yang Buruk: Kondisi pasar yang kumuh, tidak terawat, dan kurangnya fasilitas pendukung.
- Persaingan dengan Retail Modern: Pasar tradisional kalah bersaing dalam hal kenyamanan, kebersihan, dan variasi produk.
- Permasalahan Sumber Daya Manusia: Kualitas SDM yang rendah, kurangnya pelatihan, dan sistem penggajian yang tidak memadai.
- Korupsi dan Praktik Ilegal: Adanya pungutan liar atau penyalahgunaan wewenang.
Tujuan Peleburan
Tujuan utama dari peleburan Perumda Pasar ke Dinas Perdagangan dan Industri biasanya adalah:
- Peningkatan Efisiensi dan Efektivitas: Mengintegrasikan pengelolaan pasar dengan program-program perdagangan dan industri yang lebih luas.
- Penghematan Anggaran: Mengurangi duplikasi fungsi dan biaya operasional yang tidak perlu.
- Perbaikan Tata Kelola: Meningkatkan akuntabilitas dan profesionalisme dalam pengelolaan pasar.
- Optimalisasi Aset Daerah: Memaksimalkan pemanfaatan aset pasar yang selama ini mungkin tidak terkelola dengan baik.
- Peningkatan Pelayanan Publik: Menyediakan pasar yang lebih bersih, nyaman, dan berdaya saing bagi pedagang dan konsumen.
Analisa Kelebihan Peleburan
- Integrasi Kebijakan: Pengelolaan pasar akan lebih terintegrasi dengan kebijakan pemerintah daerah terkait pengembangan perdagangan dan industri, sehingga lebih sinergis dalam mencapai tujuan pembangunan ekonomi lokal.
- Pemanfaatan Sumber Daya: Dinas dapat mengalokasikan sumber daya (anggaran, SDM, teknologi) secara lebih efisien dan efektif untuk perbaikan pasar, mengingat Dinas memiliki akses langsung ke APBD.
- Peningkatan Pengawasan: Dengan berada di bawah struktur Dinas, pengawasan terhadap pengelolaan pasar akan lebih ketat dan transparan, mengurangi potensi penyimpangan.
- Fokus pada Pelayanan Publik: Dinas sebagai unsur pelaksana pemerintah daerah memiliki orientasi utama pada pelayanan publik, sehingga diharapkan pengelolaan pasar akan lebih berorientasi pada kepentingan pedagang dan konsumen.
- Restrukturisasi Organisasi: Peleburan bisa menjadi momentum untuk merestrukturisasi organisasi pengelolaan pasar, menghilangkan posisi-posisi yang tidak efisien atau bermasalah
Analisa Kekurangan dan Tantangan Peleburan
- Birokratisasi: Pengelolaan pasar yang sebelumnya mungkin lebih fleksibel di bawah Perumda dapat menjadi lebih kaku dan lambat karena terikat prosedur birokrasi Dinas.
- Kurangnya Orientasi Bisnis: Dinas sebagai unit pemerintahan cenderung berorientasi pada regulasi dan pelayanan, bukan pada aspek bisnis dan profitabilitas seperti Perumda. Ini dapat mengurangi inovasi dan kemampuan pasar untuk mandiri secara finansial.
- Beban Kerja Dinas: Peleburan dapat menambah beban kerja Dinas Perdagangan dan Industri, yang mungkin belum memiliki kapasitas SDM dan keahlian yang memadai dalam mengelola operasional pasar secara detail.
- Resistensi Internal: Pegawai Perumda mungkin menolak peleburan karena kekhawatiran tentang status kepegawaian, perubahan budaya kerja, atau hilangnya “kenyamanan” lama.
- Identifikasi Aset dan Liabilitas: Proses transisi yang rumit dalam mengidentifikasi aset, liabilitas, dan kewajiban hukum Perumda yang bermasalah.
- Potensi Konflik Kepentingan: Jika tidak diatur dengan baik, bisa terjadi konflik kepentingan antara fungsi regulasi Dinas dan fungsi operasional pengelolaan pasar.
Langkah-langkah Strategis yang Perlu Dipertimbangkan
Jika keputusan peleburan diambil, beberapa langkah strategis yang harus dilakukan meliputi:
- Kajian Mendalam (Due Diligence): Melakukan audit keuangan, operasional, dan hukum secara menyeluruh terhadap Perumda Pasar yang akan dilebur.
- Penyusunan Payung Hukum: Membuat peraturan daerah atau keputusan kepala daerah yang menjadi dasar hukum peleburan, termasuk penyesuaian struktur organisasi Dinas.
- Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia: Menyusun rencana transisi bagi pegawai Perumda, termasuk penempatan, pelatihan ulang, atau program pensiun dini jika diperlukan.
- Penyesuaian Anggaran: Mengalokasikan anggaran yang memadai untuk operasional pasar di bawah Dinas, serta untuk perbaikan infrastruktur.
- Perumusan Standar Operasional Prosedur (SOP): Mengembangkan SOP yang jelas untuk pengelolaan pasar di bawah Dinas, termasuk pengelolaan keuangan, kebersihan, keamanan, dan retribusi.
- Pengembangan Visi dan Misi Baru: Merumuskan visi dan misi yang jelas untuk pengelolaan pasar di bawah Dinas, dengan fokus pada peningkatan kualitas dan daya saing.
- Komunikasi dan Sosialisasi: Melakukan sosialisasi intensif kepada seluruh pemangku kepentingan (pedagang, masyarakat, pegawai Perumda, dan internal Dinas) mengenai tujuan dan proses peleburan.
- Pembentukan Tim Transisi: Membentuk tim khusus yang bertanggung jawab mengawal proses peleburan dari awal hingga tuntas.
Kesimpulan
Peleburan Perumda Pasar yang bermasalah ke Dinas Perdagangan dan Industri memiliki potensi untuk memperbaiki tata kelola, meningkatkan efisiensi, dan mengoptimalkan aset daerah. Namun, langkah ini juga disertai dengan berbagai tantangan seperti potensi birokratisasi, kurangnya orientasi bisnis, dan resistensi internal.
Keberhasilan peleburan akan sangat bergantung pada perencanaan yang matang, implementasi yang cermat, dan komitmen politik yang kuat dari pemerintah daerah.
Tanpa kajian dan strategi yang tepat, peleburan bisa jadi hanya memindahkan masalah, bukan menyelesaikannya.
Penulis : A.TARMIZI, SE
(Pengamat Kebijakan Publik, Aktivis dan Jurnalis)
Sangat comprehensif dan berimbang
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