
JURNAL TIPIKOR -Di balik perjalanan panjang peradaban manusia, ada hukum yang telah dikenal selama ribuan tahun, mengatur keseimbangan hidup antara manusia, alam, dan Sang Pencipta. Hukum ini disebut Tri Tangtu yaitu sebuah konsep yang menggambarkan tiga kepastian atau tiga prinsip dasar yang tidak bisa dipisahkan.
Tri Tangtu berakar dari tiga kekuatan utama dalam kehidupan, yaitu:
1. Uga – Perilaku manusia dalam menjalani kehidupan.
2. Ungkara – Nasehat atau ajaran yang diwariskan dari leluhur.
3. Tangara – Tanda-tanda alam sebagai petunjuk dan peringatan.
Konsep ini bukan sekadar filosofi kosong, tetapi menjadi fondasi dalam menjalani kehidupan bernegara, bermasyarakat, dan menjaga hubungan harmonis dengan orang tua, leluhur, sesama makhluk hidup, serta alam semesta.
Tri Tangtu di Bumi: Tiga Pilar Kepemimpinan
Dalam Naskah Amanat Galunggung Kropak 632, Tri Tangtu diterjemahkan ke dalam sistem kepemimpinan yang mencerminkan keseimbangan dan harmoni, yaitu:
1. Rama – Sang penegak kebenaran.
2. Resi – Sang penjaga kebijaksanaan.
3. Ratu – Sang pemimpin rakyat.
Ketiganya memiliki tugas dan tanggung jawab yang berbeda, namun harus berjalan beriringan dalam membangun dan menegakkan kebajikan. Tidak ada yang lebih tinggi atau lebih rendah di antara mereka.
• Rama bertanggung jawab menetapkan kebenaran dan menjaga kesejahteraan rakyatnya. Dengan sifat Asih (kasih sayang), ia menjadi sosok yang bijaksana dan jauh dari kepentingan duniawi. Wilayahnya disebut Jagad Daranan.
• Resi bertugas mempertahankan kebajikan dan mendidik masyarakat. Dengan sifat Asah (kecerdasan), ia membimbing orang-orang agar memiliki keterampilan dan ilmu yang berguna. Wilayahnya disebut Jagad Kerta.
• Ratu bertanggung jawab atas pemerintahan dan kesejahteraan negara. Dengan sifat Asuh (kepedulian), ia memastikan keseimbangan dalam sistem kenegaraan dan ekonomi. Wilayahnya disebut Jagad Palangka.
Dari ketiga konsep ini, lahirlah prinsip Asih, Asah, dan Asuh, yang menjadi inti dari kehendak Tuhan dan hukum alam.
Tri Tangtu dalam Alam Semesta
Lebih jauh, kesadaran spiritual Sunda melihat bahwa Tri Tangtu juga terwujud dalam tiga unsur di alam gaib, yaitu:
1. Wenang – Menggambarkan kekuasaan mutlak Tuhan sebagai pencipta alam semesta.
2. Kala – Melambangkan perjalanan waktu yang menentukan takdir dan perubahan.
3. Wening – Mewakili manusia yang telah mencapai kejernihan batin dan selaras dengan kehendak Sang Pencipta.
Ketiga unsur ini menggambarkan bagaimana keseimbangan semesta bekerja, dari kekuasaan, waktu, hingga pencapaian kesadaran spiritual.
Mengapa Tri Tangtu Mulai Hilang?
Dalam dunia modern, nilai-nilai Tri Tangtu semakin sulit ditemukan. Pengaruh budaya asing secara perlahan menggeser jati diri masyarakat Sunda, membuat mereka semakin jauh dari akar budaya aslinya. Sebuah peribahasa Sunda menggambarkan fenomena ini:
“Sukleuk leuweung, sukleuk lampih, jauh kasintung kalapa, lieuk deungeun lieuk lain, jauh indung kabapa.”
Artinya, kehidupan telah melenceng dari nilai-nilai dasarnya. Orang-orang semakin asing dengan sesamanya, bahkan dengan keluarga dan leluhur mereka sendiri.
Namun, para leluhur Sunda telah memberikan pesan penting:
“Teundeun di handeuleum sieum, tunda di hanjuang siang, tunda ala’eun sampeureun jaga.”
Maknanya, kita harus cermat dalam menjaga dan melestarikan nilai-nilai yang berharga. Apa yang diwariskan leluhur bukan sekadar tradisi, tetapi juga pedoman hidup yang harus kita jaga untuk generasi mendatang.
Tri Tangtu bukan sekadar filosofi kuno, tetapi sebuah kearifan yang masih relevan. Sudah saatnya kita kembali menghidupkan nilai-nilai ini, agar kehidupan menjadi lebih harmonis, berimbang, dan bermakna.(*)



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